Wednesday, October 12, 2011

Korean Honorifics – part II



Korean language , like the Japanese , has a complex system of honorifics in the form of a short word , placed on the end of names or pronouns, that indicates the relative ages and social status of the speakers .
The correct use of this “honorifics” is very important for Koreans , and the wrong honorific may cause offence . 


Some of the most used honorifics are:

Ssi  ( )  - is it very commonly used . You will hear it a lot. It is used amongst people of approximately equal speech level (this including age and status).
It is attached at the end of the full name, or simply after the first name, if the speaker is more familiar with someone. Don’t append it to surname only , cause it could sound quite rude, as it indicates the speaker considers himself to be of a higher social status than the person referred to.

Gun/Yang  ( Gun ) is used rarely on very formal occasions, such as weddings, to address a male only. Yang () is the female equivalent of . Both are used in a similar way to Ssi, succeeding  name of a person .

Seonsaeng (선생) – it is directly translated as "teacher", but it  has much more formality and is used to show respect to the one you address .


Gwiha (귀하) used mostly  in formal letters, usually  by a company to a client. ( so it is rare to hear it around )

Gakha (각하) is used only in extremely formal occasions, usually when addressing presidents and monarchs.

Seonbae (선배 ) is used to address senior colleagues or mentor figures . Used in a company for senior employees, or in schools for those in higher classes. May be used as both an honorific and a title .

 Hubae (후배) is used to refer to juniors. However, the term is not normally addressed to them directly, and is mainly used in the third person.


More useful words are  - Mr. - "Ajeossi"   ( middle aged man ) , Miss . -  "Agasse" ( unmarried women , young lady ) , Mrs  - " Ajuma" ( married women , older women )

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